12.

Antimalarial, Anticancer, Antimicrobial Activities and Chemical Constituents of Essential Oil from the Aerial Parts of Cyperus kyllingia Endl.

Sorachai Khamsan, Boonsom Liawruangrath, Saisunee Liawruangrath, Aphiwat Teerawutkulrag, Stephen G. Pyne and Mary J. Garson

Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand

Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry and center for Innovation in Chemistry, Chiang Mai University,Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand

Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry,University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522 Australia

School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072 Australia

Abstract: The chemical constituents of the essential oil from Cyperus kyllingia Endl. were analyzed by a GC, GC-MS. Twenty-three compounds were identified, accounting for 93.75% of the total oil that consisted mainly of oxygenated sesquiterpenes (53.52%), particularly sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (38.97%), and carboxylic acid (1.26%). The most representative compounds were a -cadinol (19.32 %), caryophyllene oxide (12.17%), a -muurolol (11.58 %), a -humulene (9.85%), and a -atlantone (6.07%). The oil showed significant activities against Plasmodium falcipalum (K1, multi drug resistant strain) and NCI-H187 (Small Cell Lung Cancer) with the IC 50 values of 7.52 and 7.72 µg/mL, respectively. The oilexhibited highly active against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923 and moderately active against Escherichia coli ATCC25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC27553, Aspergillus flavus and Candida albicans.

Keywords: Cyperus kyllingia Endl.; essential oil; antimalarial activity; anticancer activity; antimicrobial activity