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New Flavonoid Glycoside and Pharmacological Activities of Pteranthus dichotomus Forssk.

Emad, M. Atta, Adel A. Nassar, Nawal M. Hasan and Ahmad R. Hasan

Current address: Chemistry Depart. Fac. of Sci. Jazan Univ. Jazan, KSA. 114

Permanent address: Genetic Eng. and Biotech. Res. Inst., Menoufia univ. Egypt. 79/22857

Chemistry Depart. Fac. of Science, Menoufia Univ. Menoufia, Egypt. 79/22857

Current address: Chemistry Depart. Fac. of Sci. Girls Section, Jazan Univ. Jazan, KSA. 114

Permanent address: Aromatic and med. plant Depart. Desert Res. Center, Egypt. 11753

Aromatic and medicinal plant Depart. Desert Research Center,Cairo, Egypt. 11753

Abstract: Luteolin 6-rhamnosyl (1``` 4``) rhamnoside was isolated from Pteranthus dichotomus for the first time as a natural product along with eight compounds; kaempferol, quercetin, quercetin-7-glucoside, isoorientin, orientin-7-methoxide, luteolin, kaempferol-3-rhamnoside-7-glucouronic acid and myricetin-3-glucoside. The plant contained phenol, protocatechuic, p-hydroxy benzoic, gallic, p-coumaric and o-coumaric acids; they were identified by HPLC, the flavonoid compounds were purified by chromatographic methods, identified by chemical and physical methods including UV, 1H, 13C and 2D- NMR. The tested extract was highly safe as LD 50 (4 g/kg b.wt.), it has anti-inflammatory, moderate analgesic effect and caused increase in urine volume, it also had no effect on liver functions of animals. Kidney functions were impaired after large dose (100 mg/kg -1). It has Anti-tumor activity against Ehrlish Ascites Carcinoma. The new isolated compound showed antipyretic effect and increased the urine volume while the tested extract had moderate antipyretic activity in rats.

Keywords: Flavonoids; phenolic; biological activity; Pteranthus; dichotomus.