A Calix[4]arene-tren mdified electrode for determination of Lead ions in aqueous solution

In this study, a simple and sensitive electrochemical sensor based on Calix[4]arene-tren (Calix-tren)  modified glassy carbon (GC) electrode was developed for the determination of Pb (II) ions. Electrochemical behavior of Calix-tren modified electrodes were investigated by using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results indicate that Calix-tren modified GC electrode provides good electron transmission pathway than bare GC electrode. The amount of Pb (II) was determined by differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetric analysis as a sensitive detection technique. The experimental parameters such as pH, deposition time and deposition potential were optimized.  The optimum pH value was selected as 7.0. The effect of deposition potential and deposition time on the peak current was tested and the optimum values were chosen as -1.2 V and 120 s, respectively. Under the optimal conditions, the working range of the developed sensor was determined as 0.48-2.31 µM, limit of detection (LOD) was 0.11 µM and the RSD obtained in the reproducibility study was 2.78 %. It was also found that the developed method could be used in the determination of Pb (II) ions in real samples with satisfactory results.