Essential Oil Constituents from the Leaves of Anoectochilus setaceus, Codonopsis javanica and Aristolochia kwangsiensis from Vietnam

There are very few reports on the phytochemistry of Anoectochilus setaceus Blume, Codonopsis javanica (Blume) Hook. f. and Aristolochia kwangsiensis Chun & F.C.How ex S.Yun Liang species in the literature. Here we present essential oil compositions of the three endemic plants from Vietnam. The analysis of the chemical constituents of the hydrodistilled essential oils was achieved by using gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The essential oils of A. setaceus, C. javanica and A. kwangsiensis afforded very low oil yields: 0.12%, 0.31% and 0.10% (v/w), respectively, calculated on a dry weight basis. The result indicated that the major components of the leaf oil of A. setaceus consist mainly of α-cadinol (17.1%), (E,E)-farnesol (14.0%) and terpinen-4-ol (11.0%) while β-pinene (20.8%) and α-pinene (15.4%) were the main compounds identified in C. javanica. However, the significant compounds of A. kwangsiensis were sabinene (34.8%), β-caryophyllene (8.8%) and terpinen-4-ol (8.6%). To the best of our knowledge this is the first report on the essential oil compositions of these species.