Organic Communications

The most common method for metalated or metal-free phthalocyanines involves starting from phthalonitrile derivatives. These conventional reactions are generally carried out in high-boiling-point solvents (such as pentanol, DMF, DMSO, Quinoline, etc.) under reflux where they often have extended reaction times of up to 24 hours. New reaction methods with lower energy in short periods of time have been an issue to solve nowadays. Considering all, we aimed to synthesize substituted zinc phthalocyanine derivatives rapidly and with higher yields, without using any solvents. This study shows new synthesis methods for substituted phthalocyanine derivatives. ZnPc derivatives with different chain lengths functionalized with "O" and "S" donor atoms from the peripheral position have been synthesized in yields ranging from 52-75% in overall 3 minutes. Compared to conventional methods, which typically require extended reaction times and high energy consumption, this innovative approach reduces the reaction time from 18 hours to just 3 minutes and decreases energy consumption from 1.926 kWh to 0.063 kWh. The method achieves high reaction yields, highlighting its potential for sustainable chemical synthesis.

A more efficient and environmentally friendly way of synthesizing α-aminophosphonates is achieved by employing nano-ZnO to catalyze the Kabachnik-Fields reaction under ultrasonication within a solvent-free environment. Before synthesis, molecular docking and in silico ADME analysis were used to assess each molecule's drug-like characteristics and ability to inhibit α-amylase and α-glucosidase. The newly synthesized compounds' in vitro inhibitory effects on α-amylase and α-glucosidase were also evaluated, and their structure was confirmed using spectroscopic investigation. The target enzyme was effectively inhibited by most of the substances. In comparison to the reference drug, acarbose (IC50, 106.5±0.6 μg/mL), compounds 4d (IC50, 102.2±0.3 μg/mL), 4h (IC50, 102.9±0.4 μg/mL), which contained a 2H-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl moiety, and 4i (IC50, 103.9±0.5 μg/mL) showed the strongest inhibitory activity. The enzyme inhibition of the remaining compounds ranged from moderate to good.

An effective catalytic system for the synthesis of β-enaminoesters from β-ketoesters under mechanochemical conditions using mortar and pestle in recyclable PEG 400 as solvent-drop approach was developed. This method has a number of benefits, including shorter reaction times, use of inexpensive recyclable solvent cum catalyst system, compatible reaction conditions, and high product yields. ©2024 ACG Publications. All rights reserved.

Cancer has been a widespread disease for decades in various of types for decades, and the search for effective treatments continues. Researchers are exploring various new drugs, including natural compounds and small organic molecules, for their potential to combat cancer. One promising approach involves hybrid structures that combine different pharmacophore units with known biological activities. These structures have gained popularity due to their encouraging results. In this study, we synthesized several new hybrid compounds containing 1,2,3-triazole units. We confirmed the structures of these compounds using methods like ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, and LC-MS. We then evaluated their antioxidant properties and in vitro anticancer activities. The results showed that these new compounds demonstrated having good radical scavenging activity and potential agents for anticancer activity. Notably, compounds 3b, 3d, 3a, 3m, and 3i exhibited low concentrations of IC50 values (14.08±0.6, 14.3±0.8, 15.82±0.4, 18.12±0.86 and 19.7±0.88 μg/mL, respectively) when compared to the standard drug Cisplatin (IC50: 21.13±1.6 µg/mL). Computational analysis has been performed like ADMET evaluation and Molecular docking studies revealed the compounds having good binding affinity with cancer target proteins like HIF-1α ranging from -8.1 kcal/mol to -7.0 kcal/mol and HER2 ranging from -10.0 kcal/mol to -8.8 kcal/mol respectively when compared with standard drug Cisplatin showed binding affinity ranging from -4.2 kcal/mol to -3.9 kcal/mol.