Records of Natural Products Articles

This study presents the first comprehensive evaluation of the phytochemical profile and cell-free antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities of the endemic Campanula kirikkaleensis Dönmez & Güner. n-Hexane, chloroform, and 70% methanol extracts from aerial parts and roots were investigated for their phytochemical composition and bioactivities. GC-FID/MS analyses revealed phytol (14.2%) as the main volatile in aerial parts and hexadecanoic acid (22.5%) in roots. MSD-SPME identified 3-ethyl-3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-quinoxalinone as the major shared volatile (9.8% in aerial parts; 14.5% in roots). Linoleic acid was the predominant fatty acid in both parts (26.4% in aerial parts; 22.3% in roots). LC-HRMS highlighted rutin (525.29 mg/100g dry plant) in aerial parts and chlorogenic acid (24.78 mg/100g dry plant) in roots as dominant phenolics. The 70% methanol aerial extract showed the strongest antioxidant activity (DPPH IC₅₀: 0.14 ± 0.02 mg/mL; CUPRAC: 375.1 ± 12.2 mM Trolox), while the highest TEAC value was recorded in the chloroform root extract (1.27 ± 0.02 mM). The same methanol extract also demonstrated the most potent α-amylase inhibition (IC₅₀: 0.537 ± 0.042 mg/mL). ICP-OES analysis revealed calcium as most abundant in aerial parts (24.9 mg/g) and potassium in roots and flowers (11.7 and 19.0 mg/g). These findings provide a detailed chemical and bioactivity profile of C. kirikkaleensis, supporting its potential for future pharmacological investigations.

The genus Hedychium (Zingiberaceae) consists of rhizomatous aromatic plants widely utilized in Thai traditional medicine and cosmetic formulations. Although recognized ethnopharmacological, the phytochemistry and bioactivity of Thai Hedychium species have great potential for drug development. This study investigated the chemical profiles, in vitro antioxidant capacities, and in vittro 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) inhibitory activities of essential oils hydrodistilled from the fresh rhizomes of five Thai species—H. bousigonianum, H. coccineum, H. coronarium, H. ellipticum, and H. flavescens. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis revealed distinct, species-specific chemotypes, characterized by α-eudesmol (37.41%) in H. bousigonianum; β-pinene (27.42% and 35.38%, respectively) in H. coccineum and H. flavescens; linalool (26.40%) in H. coronarium; and 1,8-cineole (89.36%) in H. ellipticum. The essential oils from the fresh rhizome of H. bousigonianum, H. coccineum, H. coronarium, H. ellipticum, and H. flavescens demonstrated antioxidant activity across multiple assays. Their free radical scavenging capacity was confirmed by the DPPH assay (IC₅₀ = 17.92 ± 0.62, 20.26 ± 0.53, 20.02 ± 0.89, 18.27 ± 0.60, and 22.12 ± 0.60 µg/mL, respectively) and the ABTS assay (IC₅₀ = 13.16 ± 0.95, 19.02 ± 0.43, 18.09 ± 0.34, 11.81 ± 0.67, and 19.34 ± 0.27 µg/mL, respectively). Similar trends were observed in the superoxide anion (IC₅₀ = 28.41 ± 0.64, 28.96 ± 0.51, 31.47 ± 0.58, 26.19 ± 0.61, and 29.12 ± 0.42 µg/mL, respectively) and hydroxyl radical assays (IC₅₀ = 26.67 ± 0.73, 27.98 ± 0.37, 28.92 ± 0.31, 25.34 ± 0.81, and 32.45 ± 0.55 µg/mL, respectively). Furthermore, the essential oils showed 5-LOX inhibitory activity (IC₅₀ = 57.32 ± 1.09, 67.50 ± 1.70, 60.31 ± 1.25, 55.84 ± 1.53, and 75.34 ± 2.28 µg/mL, respectively), supporting their potential anti-inflammatory properties. Notably, the essential oils from H. bousigonianum and 
H. ellipticum showed the most potent dual antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, highlighting their promise as natural sources of bioactive compounds for future pharmaceutical development. 
 

Two previously undescribed phenylpropanoid derivatives, including a terpenylated coumarin (1) and a ferulic acid analogue (2), were isolated from the roots of Notopterygium incisum (Umbelliferae). Their structures were successfully established using spectroscopic techniques, including mass spectrometry (MS), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectroscopy. In vitro anti-inflammatory assay using a lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages indicated compounds 1 and 2 showed anti-inflammatory potential by inhibiting the secretion of NO at the concentra-tion of 7.5 μM.

Two new phloroglucinol glucosides, spiruplatosides A (1) and B (2) along with six known compounds, including 5,7-dimethoxyflavone (3), 5-hydroxy-7,4'-dimethoxyflavone (4), 5,7,4'-dimethoxyflavone (5), terephthalic acid dimethyl ester (6), terephthalic acid-(2-hydroxyethyl ester)-methyl ester (7), 13S-hydroxy-9Z,11E-octadecadienoic acid (8) were isolated from the microalgae Spirulina platensis. Compounds 1–8 were evaluated for cytotoxic activity against SK-LU-1 and HepG2 cancer cells. Compounds 1 and 2 were the most active with IC₅₀ values ranging from 1.40 to 3.66 μM. Compounds 4 and 5 showed moderate effects with IC50 values ranging from 66.09 to 74.46 μM.

In this study, a previously undescribed glutarylimide compound was isolated from Streptomyces sp. JCM 4793. Its structure was evaluated through examinations of the NMR, HREIMS data and ECD calculation. Compound 1 was measured for its cytotoxicities against A549, K562, HepG2, SW480 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Compound 1 exhibited significant inhibitory activity against both K562 and A549 tumor cell lines, with IC50 values of 4.840 ± 0.329 μmol/L and 6.036 ± 0.157 μmol/L, respectively.

Chemical investigation of Viscum coloratum resulted in the isolation of a new benzoin, named 7-O-demethylamycolabenzoyl (1), along with two known isoflavones (2
and 3) and two known flavones (4 and 5). The structure of 1 was elucidated through extensive NMR and HRESIMS analysis and was further confirmed by 13CNMRcalculations. The absolute configuration at the sole chiral center was assigned as R by comparison of its experimental ECD spectrum with that of the analogue amycolabenzoyl (1a). A plausible biosynthetic pathway for 1 is proposed, suggesting its derivation from the co-isolated isoflavone 2. Compound 1 showed weak α-glucosidase inhibitory effects.

This study investigated the therapeutic mechanism of Fuer Decoction against precocious puberty through transcriptomics and network pharmacology. Female SD rats were allocated to six groups, and an NMA-induced model was established before drug administration. Vaginal opening, estrous cycle, reproductive organ morphology, and serum LH, FSH, E2, and GnRH levels were evaluated. Transcriptome sequencing, differential gene analysis, PPI network construction, GO/KEGG enrichment, and molecular docking were conducted, and  NTSR1 was validated via RT-qPCR. UHPLC-MS analysis identified 603 potential active compounds in the decoction. Fuer Decoction alleviated pathological changes and hormonal dysregulation in model rats. NTSR1 emerged as a core target, mainly associated with neuroactive ligand–receptor interactions and calcium signaling pathways.Eicosapentaenoic acid and aurantiamide acetate showed strong binding affinities to NTSR1. These findings suggest that Fuer Decoction may exert therapeutic effects on precocious puberty by modulating these pathways and key genes.